This guide to fault detection and fault diagnosis is a work in progress. Faults can become visible with thermal imaging when energized. Instant fault diagnosis. What are the six key steps to approach electrical fault finding? I have a different view on this. These are the 2 types which I am concerned about. However, when running and under load, these faults can become clearly visible with the aid of thermal imaging techniques.
As an emerging field in industrial applications and an effective solution for fault recognition, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been receiving increasing attention from academia and industry. Split the half. NOAA Hurricane Forecast Maps Are Often Misinterpreted — Here's How to Read Them. With an ammeter, you can measure the current flowing through a circuit. CEO Compensation and America's Growing Economic Divide. By using a multimeter for the fault finding, it is possible to find many of the obvious faults that can occur. If the problem cannot be found, and it appears that the correct power is reaching the transistor circuit, and the inputs are all connected and present as well as the output lines being intact, then further fault finding … Internal equipment may also be subject to harsh operating conditions such as chemicals and abrasives (and other aggressive materials). That is when we achieve reliability. You will have an understanding of the basic fault location methods and techniques used, and their application. Turn on the power on the Control Panel. The last step in the process is to check the system and make sure it can return to operation. There are certain conditions and actions that exist in order to execute these six steps. Determining the cause of a fault obviously depends on the circumstances. Test each component in the failed system operates as it ought. Take for example an X-Ray unit. Key points
For example, measuring the current in each phase of a 3 phase motor can provide very important clues as the motor behavior. Here is a simple way to help you successfully fault find failed equipment. Sometimes removing the cause of a system failure is not enough, and the fault must then be rectified. Steven Devine, author of Student’s Guide to the IET Wiring Regulations, takes us through the essentials of Fault Finding. Start from the output and see if it works, then follow the steps ahead of the output and test if the steps are linked as expected. If the generator has been running okay and then fails to start (or the engine speed varies rapidly), then it's likely to be fuel or an electrical problem with the safety circuits. Test each half to. The 6-point fault finding technique is a method for finding and fixing mechanical operating malfunctions. Identify three possible faults that could cause this problem to occur, and identify what components of the stereo system are known to be okay (be sure to count each cable as a separate component of the system!). It will evolve over time, especially based on input from the LinkedIn group Fault Detection and Diagnosis. Mechanical fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance through thermal imaging/thermographic techniques. This deterioration of mechanical equipment and components is not always apparent or detected by conventional checks such as routine monitoring and maintenance or vibration and oil analysis. In my opinion, Maintenance are of only 2 types namely – Planned & Unplanned. Although they offer this for both AC and DC, usually DC measurement is sufficient. All solenoid valves should have an indicator in the plug tops to allow electrical signals to be observed local to the valves. You will also know how to interpret information obtained from fault finding aids and Various researches on fault analysis have been done over years and fault location techniques are proposed to find fault in distribution systems. If uncorrected failure will occur . Removing parts of the circuit and testing to see if the fault is still present can also be used to find ground faults. One of these conditions is that safety comes first, and these steps should not be taken unless it is safe. Early stage remedial action. Half-splitting can be used to find many electrical problems aside from open switches. FMEA/FMECA and the fault hazard analysis is a matter of depth. This deterioration will often result in friction and higher than normal operating temperatures which if left uncorrected will lead to equipment and component failure. When measuring voltage drop, the meter will display the voltage (potential) difference between both leads. Remove the Cause. Using an Ammeter. There are certain conditions and actions that exist in order to execute these six steps. Possible faults in the system: • Fault #1: • Fault #2: • Fault #3: Components known to be okay in the system: • Component #1: Mechanical, structural, and electrical faults are errors in asset integrity and function that interrupt equipment operation, cause accidents in your facility, and create a huge hazard for personnel. Fault detection and diagnosis is a key component of many operations management automation systems. Target is to achieve more of planned maintenance. A COVID-19 Prophecy: Did Nostradamus Have a Prediction About This Apocalyptic Year? This can be very useful when your other test instruments (voltmeter and ohmmeter) are not appropriate. Check the System. Take for example an X-Ray unit. Test each system functions to specification. After analysis, the fault in the system is located with the aid of evidence analysis. TM 9-254 7-12. Wherein the FMEA or FMECA looks at all failures and their effects, the fault hazard analysis is charged only with consideration of those effects that are safety related. K3 you must have a working knowledge and understanding of fault diagnostic aids. In the course of collecting evidence, the investigator has to use the senses of sight, smell, touch and hearing to know what is wrong with an operating system. A “root cause” fault is a fundamental, underlying problem that may lead to other problems and observable symptoms. Split half technique is used when fault finding on an electrical circuit. These steps include collecting evidence, analyzing evidence, locating faults, determining and removing causes, rectifying faults and running a systems check. Half-splitting can also be used in all types of circuits, not just series-wired switches. SEMEMI205 Carrying out fault location on mechanical equipment assist in locating the fault: 1. information gathered from the person that reported the fault fault finding techniques (such as six point, half-split, input/output, unit substitution, emergent sequence) 2. diagnostic aids (such as manuals, flow charts, troubleshooting guides, maintenance records) 3. inspecting (such as checking for breakages, … This could be expected to include mechanical test equipment, historical data and schematic drawing K4 you must have a working knowledge and understanding of fault finding methods and techniques this should include how to investigate problems, how COFFEE! Volt drop testing is the most accurate method to diagnose an electrical fault on a vehicle. Faults in distribution systems with distributed generation can be identified using conventional methods such as travelling wave based, impedance based method and artificial intelligent methods. Fault detection, isolation, and recovery is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. Two approaches can be distinguished: A direct pattern recognition of sensor readings that indicate a fault and an analysis of the discrepancy between the sensor readings and expected values, … If you have a supply and an earth, you would then check for voltage about half way along the circuit. This usually means fixing the cause of the fault or implementing some kind of maintenance. Fault finding practice In this first of a series of troubleshooting articles, we will focus on tips and techniques for more efficiently correcting the source of an intermittent fault. The table below lists the recommended approach. We do all predictive, fault finding to avoid Unplanned maintenance. Since there are many blocks it is possible to divide the circuit in half, test that half, decide which half is working correctly, then split the non-functioning section into half again to locate the fault. (4) When a fault symptom is found, go to the chapter noted and follow the maintenance procedure given there. A “fault” is another word for a problem. They also measure resistance , over a huge range, and may have a built-in continuity tester (giving an audible tone for low resistance). Location of a defect or fault found through inserting known data signals or functions at selected test points of the system or process. Plant is often operating outside and is therefore subject to extremes of weather which may result in additional corrosion and wear. If one is in doubt as to... 2. If you already know the fault symptom, look at the fault symptom index in Chapter 3 of this volume. with the fault. K9 the various fault finding techniques that can be used, and how they are applied (such as half-split, input/out put, emergent problem sequence, ... Key words Engineering, manufacturing, maintenance, mechanical, fault finding, gearboxes, process plant, engines, pumps, process control equipment . Faults include any unanticipated discontinuities in the normal operation of assets and equipment. Fault finding is a dynamic process. Determining or removing the cause of a problem is the next step to follow the location of a system fault. Detection of an antifriction bearing faults is one of the most challenging tasks in bearing health condition monitoring, especially when the fault is at its initial stage. Equipment and components deteriorate once commissioned . Fault Finding Process. Our results are consistent with the main methods used for fault diagnosis, the shock pulse method (SPM) and the vibration spectrum analysis (VSA). Recommended approach to fault finding. My initial approach is the following: 1. Environmental conditions can increase plant deterioration. Terminal methods can be used to locate the general area … Fixing plant and equipment about which you know little is daunting. Use ‘telltale’ methods to prove the presence of the function at various parts of the system. With a series combination of one steps feeding the other, the diagnoses is rather simple as one fault in the link can be determined through studying one step after another. The HALF-SPLIT method is very powerful in locating faults in medical devices made up of a large number of blocks in series. Faults are not always apparent with conventional testing. The placement of the meter leads is important when carrying out this test as results can differ depending on the test point. Once the collection is complete, an analysis to consider the validity of the information collection begins. The environmental conditions of the mechanical equipment and components must also be taken into consideration. 1. Analyse the Evidence. What Is the 6-Point Fault-Finding Technique. Collect the Evidence. Fault location techniques can be broadly divided into terminal methods, which use voltages and currents measured at the ends of the cable, and tracer methods, which require inspection along the length of the cable. Taking samples data signals or operational functions at selected test points and comparing the measurements or results against known commissioning of operational values. Initial Fault Finding. Essential items in the fault-finding toolbox, (two even better than one,) they allow you to measure both voltage and current. This includes mechanical testing and inspection for equipment and component deterioration from vibration and misalignment, friction, wear and under or over lubrication. In many cases this allows for instant fault diagnosis which in serious cases can be brought to the clients attention immediately, allowing the necessary remedial action to take place at an early stage. All the evidence collected must be relevant to the problem in hand. Split the circuit in half. That said, there are some engineers who have a natural talent for the task. (It might not be directly observable). Divide the equipment into logical systems. Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery plays a significant role for the reliability and safety of modern industrial systems. technique used to identify and predict mechanical anomalies in industrial machinery Rectify the Fault. These steps include collecting evidence, analyzing evidence, locating faults, determining and removing causes, rectifying faults and running a systems check. Troubleshooting with the Technical Manual - Continued (3) Do the checkout procedure in Volume I, Chapter 2 from the beginning until you find a fault symptom. 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